oe,alv wßhls;a;s iajdóJøhka jykafia

niakdysr m<df;a" l¿;r Èia;%slalfha oe,alv kï iqkaor .ï mshfia úiQ ioa.=Kj;a ixirkaf.a Èfhdaksia fmf¾rd yd fldaÜgf.dvf.a fodak lfrdaydñ hk oïm;Ska udmshka fldg 1948 Tlaf;dïn¾ ui 09 jk Èk msßñ orejka y;r fofkl=ka yd .eyeKq orejka mia fofkl=f.ka hq;a mjqf,ys wgjeks orejd f,i ckau ,enQ fuu orejd —ix.rkaf.a ch;siai fmf¾rd˜ hkqfjka kï l<y'

ish [d;sñ;%d§ka w;r wmuK fifkyiska jevqKq fï msxj;a orejd lsïuka;=vdj › iqukfcda;s úoHd,fhka uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,enqfõ h' ;u ksjig wdikakj u msysgd ;snqKq —oe,alv › úch pkaødrduhg˜ ks;r ks;r wd.sh fuu msxj;a orejd ms<sn| ;;a úydrdêm;s —roafoaf.dv pJodkJo˜ f,dl= yduqÿrejkaf.a wjOdkh fhduq jQy' Wkajykafiaf.a ldre‚l uÕ fmkaùu hgf;a tjlg f.dak¥j olaÅKfÉ;shdrdudêm;s —f.dak¥fõ › w.a.isß kdhl iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a˜ wdpdhH;ajfhka l%s'j' 1961 wf.daia;= 24 jeks od meúÈ ùug we;=<;a lf<a h' t;eka mgka iajlSh wdpdhHka jykafiaf.a wjjdo wkqYdikd ,nñka idufKarfhl= jYfhka m%.=K l< hq;= nKoyï m%.=K l<y'

,laÈj oi È.; Ñrm%isoaO úoHi:dkhla j mej;s fud,a,sf.dv m%jpfkdaoh uy msßfjkg we;=<;a j fldaÜfÜ › l,HdOE" idu.%Ou_ uyd ix> iNdfõ uykdhl OQrkaOr —fud,a,sf.dv › wßhjxi kdysñmdKka jykafia˜ yd Wla; ix> iNdfõ wkqkdhl OQrkaOr w.a.ukd mKaä;" idys;H pl%j¾;S —,nq.u ,xldkJo ud ysñmdKka jykafia˜ jeks lS¾;su;a uyd h;sjrhka jykafia,df.a mdfijfKa wOHdmkh yodrkakg ;rï wßhls;a;s idufKarfhda mqKHjka; jQy' idufKarhl= jYfhka m%.=K l<hq;= nK oyï uekúka yodrd YsCIdldó j jevqKq oe,alv wßhls;a;s idufkarhka jykafia fldaÜfÜ › l,HdOE idu.%Ou_ uyd ix> iNdhla; ux., Wfmdai:d.drfha § 1968 cqks ui 29 jeks Èk Wmiïm;a;sfhys msysgqjkq ,enQy' m%dÖk m%drïN" uOHu úNd.hka f.ka Wiia f,i iu;a jQ wßhls;a;s ysñfhda wkqrdOmqr nqoaO Y%djl Ou_ mSGhg we;=<;a j —;%smsglfõ§˜ Wmdêh o" fou< NdIdj ms<sn| ukd mgq;ajhla o we;s lr .;ay' 1987 § › ,xld md,s yd fn!oaO úYaj úoHd,fhka —Ydia;%m;s˜ Wmdêh o ysñlr .;ay'

1976-1982 olajd l¿;r mQjrdu Ouúch msßfjfka msßfõKdêm;s ysñhka f,i jir yhla o" jif¾ ckjdß 27 jk Èk isg 2004 jIfha úY%du Èúhg t<fUk ;=re u jir 22 la —foÈhj, › Oudrdu˜ uQ,sl msßfjfka mßfõKdêm;s ysñhka f,i o l%shd lrñka Ydifkdakak;sh fjkqfjkau wñ, fufyjrla isÿ l<y' fudfrdka;=vqj › uyd fndaê úydria:dkfhys odhl odhsldjkaf.a l=ÿuy;a cd;sl" wd.ñl" ixialD;sl fufyjr uekúka bgq lrñka wmuK fjfyila .;a wßhls;a;s ysñfhda úydria:dkfha fN!;sl iïm;a ixj¾Okh fjkqfjka o l%shd l<y' jeäysáhkag ie,lSu ;u Èúfha wdo¾Yhla fldg .;a wm ysñfhda" —jeäysá ksjdihla˜ o bÈfldg mj;ajd f.k .shy' 2007 jIfha fldamshdj;a; zwßhls;auq‚Z kñka wNskj úydria:dkhla bÈfldg tu m%foaYfha ck yoj;a ;=< nqoaOd,ïNk m%S;shla cks; lsÍug o l%shd l<y' 2003 jIfha úoHdfidau uQ,sl msßfjk wrUd úkh .rel YsCIdldó isiq mrmqrla Ydikhg odhdo lsÍug odhl ùu o wm ysñhkaf.a wñ, hq. fufyjrls' f,dalhg;a" iïnqoaO Ydikhg;a Wodr fiajhla isÿ lrñka f,dajev ie,iQ ioaOu_ lS¾;s › mQcH oe,alv wßhls;a;s uyd ia:úrmdohka jykafia ish¨ ixialdr O¾uhkaf.a wks;H;djh m<lrñka 2020 fmnrjdß ui 27 jeks Èk rd;%S 01 g muK wmj;a ù jod< fial'


´úá., Oïur;k iajdóka jykafia

l¿;r Èia;%slalfha miaÿka fldar<fha u;=.u m%dfoaYSh f,alï n, m%foaYhg wh;a ´úá., b÷rej;a; .ïmshfia mÈxÑ fyajf.a fodka mshfiak yd mq[a[j;S o w,aúia hk oïm;Skag odj 1970'01'23 jeks od ifydaoßhka ;sfofkl=.ka hq;a mjq,g msxj;a mqf;l= tl;= úh' tu orejd fyajf.a —fodka kS,a Oïñl˜ kñka kï l<y' ud mshkaf.a u. fmkaùu u; —y;a;l › úoHd;s,l msßfjkg˜ we;=<;a j uQ,sl wOHdmk yeoErefõ h' tjlg ´úá., úydr mrmqrg wh;a by< fyfjiai › ðfkaJødrdu úydrdêm;sj jev úiQ ´úá., › ioaOd,xldr uyd iajdóJøhka jykfiaf.a uÕ fmkaùu u; 1980'08'15 jeks Èk fuu msxj;a orejd ´úá., Ouur;k kñka W;=ï meúÈ ìug m;aúh'

ud<s.d;ekak mqrdK rc uyd úydria: —› úoHd;s,l msßfjkg˜ we;=<;a j uQ,sl wOHdmkh ksu l< ´úá., Oïur;k ysñfhda u;=.u —mdka;sh › iqux., úoHdh;k msßfjkg˜ we;=<;a j Wiia wOHdmkh yeoErEy' W.; ukd nK oyñka fmdaIKh jQ ´úá., Oïur;k idufKarhka jykafia ´úá., › ioaOd,xldr uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a yd › úÿñysÿ msßfjkayS wdpdhH_ —;=vq., Oïudrdu ysñhkaf.a˜ wdpdhH;ajfhka fldaÜfÜ rdc uyd úydria: isß ux., Wfmdai:d.drfha§ 2010 cqks ui 19 jeks Èk wêYS, ixLHd; Wmiïmodj ,enQy'

;u .=re foajhka jykafiaf.a wmj;a ùfuka miq idufKar wjêfha§ u by< fyfjiai › ðfkaJødrdudêm;s moúh Ndr.;a Wkajykafia t;eka isg ish¨ odhl odhsldjkaf.a ish¨ wd.ñl lghq;= fkdmsßfy<d Yla;s m%udKfhka bgq l<y' úYd, odhl msßila isák ;u .ï mshi ;=< iñ;s iud.ï iafõPd ixúOdkdÈfhys o uQ,dikh orñka iqúi,a fufyjrl ksr; jQy' tfuka u › ioaOd,xldr oyï mdif,ys m%OdkdpdhH_ OQrh Ndr.;a Wkajykafia m%foaYjdiS ore oeßhkaf.a oyï wOhdmkh kxjd,Su i|yd uy;a lem ùfuka l%shd l<y' ;ukaf.a iqL úyrKh ms<sn| lsisúgl;a fkdis;+ Wkajykafia ÈjdrE fkdn,d ;u m%foaYh ;=<;a bka mßndysr msßfjka fjfyr úydria:dkhkayS NsCIQka jykafia,d iu.;a iqyoYS,Sj lghq;= l<y' ;uka ,nd.;a W;=ï ñksi;a nj yd W;=ï meúÈ Ôú;h ms<sn| uy;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= ;nd fkd.;a Wkajykafia jßka jr úúO frda. mSvdjkag ,lajkakg jQy' ngysr yd foaYSh ffjoH m%;sldr jßka jr isÿ l< o l,l mgka oeä fia frda.d;=r jkakg jQy' fufia oeä fia .s,ka njg m;a Oïur;k ysñfhda 2020 wf.daia;= ui 03 jeks Èk WoEik ld,fha § ish¨ wksh; oï f,djg mila lrñka wjika iqiqï fmdo jd;,hg tl l<y'


Wvfj, › fidaudkkao uyd iajdóJøhka jykafia

fif,d h:d tl >fkd - jdf;k k iór;s
tjx ksJod mixidiq - k iï[ack;s mKä;d

uyd .,a m¾j; jd;fhka fkdfi,a jkafka hï fiao tfiau kskaod m%YxidjkayS mKaä;fhda fkdief,;s' Wla; nqÿ jok Ôú;fha mrudoYh fldg.;a —Wvfj, › fidaudkJo˜ ysñfhda lsisúgl;a wgf,da oyfï lïmd fkdjQ" ;enQ wäh wdmiaig fkd.;a —wNS; h;sjrhka jykafia˜ kuls' uOHu m<d;g wh;a ueo uykqjr Wvfj, kï .%dujrfhys —ùrfldaka uqÈhkafia,df.a vx.sß nKavd˜ iy —rkaue‚ldg˜ odj 1935 Tlaf;dïn¾ 10 jeks Èk Wmka nd,u orejd wm iajdñJøhka jykafia h' .sysku —ùrfldaka uqÈhkafia,df.a fifkúr;ak nKavd úh' ueá foksh m%d:ñl úoHd,fhka uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,nd .;a fï mqxÑ msxj;a orejd msgj, iS,r;k kdhl ysñhka úiska 1950 jIfha § n;a;ruq,a, iqOurduhg legqj tk ,§' miqj lvqfj, oeä.uqj ueouKaäfha › iqOurduhg meñK 1950'11'10 jeks Èk —Wvfj, fiaudkJo˜ kñka meúÈ Èúhg we;=<;a jk ,§' ksis jhia iïmQ¾K ùfuka o" W.; ukd nK oyï yeoEÍfuka o miqj 1956'06'28 jek Èk › chj¾Okmqr fldaÜfÜ rdc uyd úydria: isß ux., Wfmdai:d.drfha§ wêYS, ixLHd; Wmiïmod YS,fhys msysgjkq ,enQy'

tl, furg m%Odk msßfjka fol jQfha ud,s.dlkao úfoHdaoh msßfjk yd le,‚fha úoHd,xldr msßfjkhs' wm l:dkdhl fidaudkkao ysñhka 1959 jif¾ úoHd,xldr msßfjkg we;=<;a lrk ,§' tl, lS¾;sOr" W.;a ysñjreka jQ idys;H pl%j¾;S" rdclSh mKaä; lsßj;a;=vqfõ m[a[didrysñ" uydpdhH_ fldgfyafka m[a[dls;a;sysñ" uydpdhH_ j,afmd, rdyq,ysñ" uydpdhH_ nUrekafoa isß iSj,S ysñ" hlalvqfõ m[a[drdu ysñhk h;sjreka hgf;a uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,enQy' oeä.uqfjka le,‚fha jkjdi< mqrdK úydrhg meñK fkajdisl ù úoHd,xldr msßfjfkys wOHdmkh ,enQy' 1963 jif¾ ;u .=re foajhka jykafia wmj;a jQ w;r jhi wjqreÿ 28 § úydria:dk 3 l wdêm;Hh Ndrúh' fï w;r ly;=vqj › iqukmqIamsldrdudêm;sj jev úiQ oeä.uqfõ fmaudkJo f,dl= yduqÿrejka wmj;a jQfhka tlS úydria:dkfhys wdêm;Hh o fidaudkJo ysñhkag Ndr úh' p;=¾uyd õydria:dkhkayS wdêm;H ork w;r 1964 jif¾ úoHd,xldr úYajúoHd,fhka Ydia;%fõ§ Wmdêh iu;a úh' rcfha .=re m;aùula ,enqK o" fidaudkJo yduqÿrefjda th m%;sfCIam lf<a úydria:dkj, lghq;= uekúka mj;ajdf.k hEu ms‚i h'

tlS úydria:dk /l n,d .ksñka lghq;= lrk w;r ly;=vqj › iquk mqIamsldrduh ;u iaÓr jdiia:dkh lrf.k oil mylg;a wêl ld,hla f,dal Ydiksl fufyjfrys ksr; ù we;' wfkl=;a úydria:dk ta ta ld,j, tlS úydria:dkj, jev isá iajdóka jykafia,dg Ndrldr;ajh mjrd Wkajykafia,dg ßis fia lghq;= lsÍug bv ,nd ÿkay' fï w;r 2001 jif¾§ ly;=vqj iukau,a úydrh o Wkajykafiag mQcdjla jYfhka ,enqKq w;r t;eka isg mxp uyd úydrdêm;s iajdóka jykafia kula jQy' msß;a foaYkdj,g uy;a reÑhla oelajQ Wkajykafia rfÜ ku.sh msß;a foaYlhka jykafia,d iu. yß yßhg msß;a foaYkd l<y' tmuKla fkdj tod iy wo ix> iudcfha Ñr m%isoaO ix> mS;Dka jykafia,d w;r kd. úydrdêm;s úÑ;% Ou_ lÓl udÿ¿jdfõ fidaNs; ysñ" wm ix> iNdfõ uyd kdhl OqrkaOr w;smQcH b;a;Emdk › Oïud,xldr uy kdhl ud ysñmdKka jykafia jeks h;sjre Wkajykafiaf.a ióm;u l,K ñ;=frda jQy' wm ix> iNdj fidaudkJo uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a ldhHNdrh w.hd —m%jpk lS¾;s ›˜ hk f.!rj iïudkh msßkuk ,§'

fidaudkJo yduqÿrefjda ks¾NS;h" tä;rh" lsj hq;a; uqyqKg u lshdmd;s' odhlhskaf.a miq mi hñka lsisjla b,a,d .kafka ke;' ljqre ukdm jqj;a wukdm jqj;a" ;u leue;a; ;u ;SrKh l%shd;aul lrk lsisu wjia:djl ;eú ;eù fkdbÈk h;sjrhka jykafia kuls' mkaif,a bÈ lsÍïj,§ jvq jev" fïika jev" j.d lsÍï ;uka jykafiau bgq lr .ks;s' iqukmqIamsldrdufha msysgd we;s ffp;H rdchdKka jykafia o Wkajykafiaf.a ys;= ukdfmg bÈ lrk ,oaols' › WmkJo O¾u úoHd,h wrUd m%foaYfha ¥ orejkaf.a .=K keK jvkakg Wkajykafia .;a W;aidyh ldf.a;a m%Yxidjg nÿka fõ' Wvfj, › fidaudkJo f,dl= yduqÿrefjda l,la ;siafia Èhjeähd frda.fhka fm¿Kq w;r yDo ie;alula o lrkq ,eîh' tfy;a tl ;eklg ù fjk;a wfhl=f.ka Wmia:dk ,nkakg lsisod wjYH fkdùh' 85 jeks úfha miq jQ Wvfj, › fidaudkJo f,dl= yduqÿrefjda chj¾Okmqr frdayf,a§ iir wksh; nj mila lrñka wmj;a ù jod< fial'


fõvrefõ úð; iajdóJøhka jykafia

nyqY%e; OuOr uy f;rmdKka jykafia,d ckau N+ñhla jQ ft;sydisl lkao Wvrg ueoÿïnr f;,afo‚h fõvrej kï .ï mshfiys § 1964 uehs ui 14 jeks Èk fuf,dj t<sh ÿgq úfÊr;ak nKavdr l=, l=urejkag talkdhl úl%uisxy rdcmCI uqÈhkafia,df.a wU.iamsáfha j,õfõ álsß nKavd yd fyar;a uqÈhkafia,df.a j,õfõ fialr ue‚fla hk oïm;Syq fifkfynr uõmsfhda jQy' fõvrej uyd úoHd,hg we;=<;a j —úfÊr;ak nKavdr˜ mqxÑ msxj;a orejd uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,enqfõ h' iajdóka jykafia,d weiqfrka yd fmd; m;ska ,enQ oekqu;a mokï fldg .;a fuu msxj;a orejd fmd,a.ia´úg" fyr<shdj, › iqOudrdudêm;sj jev úiQ fldaÜfÜ › l,Hd‚ idu.%SOu_ uyd ix>iNdfõ wkqkdhl" úoHdjYdro" rdclSh mKaä;" Ydia;%m;s ufydamdOHdh fõvrefõ › wfkdauoiaiHdNsOdk kdysñmdKka jykafiaf.a wdpdhH;ajfhka 1979 ud¾;= ui 1 jeks Èk fõvrefõ lsß úydr msxìfï§ —fõvrefõ úð;˜ kñka meúÈ Èúhg we;=<;a jQy'

.=refoajhka jykafiaf.a md fijfKys W.; hq;= uQ,sl nK oyï yodrd wk;=rej —fydrK úoHdr;ak msßfjkg˜ we;=<;a j l=vd idufKarhka jykafia W.; hq;= nK oyï yeoErEy' ;ud .=refoajhka jykafia jßka jr ldhsl jYfhka .s,kanúka fm<Su ksid w;sf¾l Wmoiïmod Èkhla ,nd .ksñka 1984 fmnrjdß 11 jeks Èk fldaÜfÜ › l,HdOE idud.%SOu_ uyd ix>iNdhla; isßux., Wfmdai:d.drfha§ —fõvrefõ úð; ysñfhda˜ W;=ï Wmiïmod YS,fhys msysáhy' fõvrefõ iquk;siai uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a kñka 1947 § wdrïN lrk ,o › iquk;siai oyï mdi, uy;a W;aidyfhka bÈßhg mj;ajf.k hñka m%foaYfha ¥ orejkaf.a .=K-keK jvkakg wm ysñfhda iu;a jQy' fõvrefõ úð; ysñfhda Wfmdai:d.drh iys; ix>djdih" wgúis nqÿ l=á iys; fndaê m%dldrh" Od;= ukaÈrh iys; odkYd,d .sksy,af.hska iïmQ¾K kj ix>djdih" fm!rd‚l úydr ukaÈr m%;sixialrKh" kj O¾u ukaÈrh wd§ úydrdx. ixj¾Okh lsÍu ;=<ska fyr<shdj, iqOudrdu úydrhg o¾YkSh;ajhla tla lsÍu i|yd wm%;sy; ffOhHfhka hqla;j l%shd l<y'

ud<fò isoaOdF:drduh iajYla;sfhka f.dvk.d tys úydrdêm;s;ajh fydnjñka jev isá rdclSh mKaä; ud,fò isoaOd¾: kdysñmdKka jykafia yÈiaisfha wmj;a jQy' th ie,ùu;a iu. tys jevu l< ul=remafma fidaud,xldr ysñfhda wdodyk mQfcda;aijfha lghq;= o" i;aÈk O¾ufoaYkdj yd odkuh msxlfï lghq;= o uekúka isÿ l<y' i;aÈk odkuh msxlu o wjika jQ miq m'j' 2 g muK fõvrefõ úð; ysñhka ud,fò mkai,g jevu lf<ah' tys§ ul=remafma fidaud,xldr ysñhkaf.a b,a,Su wkqj ud,fò isoaOFjdrdufhys wêm;SFjh Ndrf.k l%shd lf<a o fõvrefõ úð; ysñhka úisks' ksrka;rfhka u hï hï .s,ka iajNdjhkaf.ka fm¿ko ta lsisjla ksidfjkaj;a miq neiaula ke;sj ;uka jev isák fyr<shdj, mkai, yd ;ukaf.a NdrldrFjfha mej;s ud,fò isoaOFjdrduh ukrï úydri:dkhka njg m;a lrkakg wfma úð; ysñfhda Èjd rE fjfyiS lghq;= l<y'

fldaÜfÜ › l,HdOE idu.%SOu_ uyd ix> iNdfõ wrelaf.dv md¾Yajfhys l,Hd‚ iNslOQrhg f;aÍ m;a jQ Wkajykafia wmj;a jk ;=re u tu ;k;=frys lghq;= uekúka bgq l<y' tfiau úúO iñ;s iud.ïj, wkqYdil;ajh yd úúO ks,;, orñka mfrdamldÍj l%shd l<y' oeäfia .s,ka jQ fõvrefõ úð; ysñfhda jE;r frday,g we;=<;a j m%;sldr ,nñka isáoa§ 2020 ud¾;= ui 18 jeks od ukd isys kqj‚ka hqla;j wmj;a ù jod< fial'


udú;a;r › iqukr;k uydiajdóJøhka jykafia

niakdysr m<df;a" fld<U Èia;%slalfha leianEj wdikfha udúka;r kï jQ fl;aj;=j,ska ireidr ruOEh N+ñNd.hl msysá iqkaor ksjiafkys tâuka Báka chisxy yd frdiauka t,shfkda¾ fmf¾rd hk oïm;Skag odj ifydaor ifydaoßhka kj fofkl=f.ka hq;a mjqf,a miajk orejd f,i wm l;dkdhlhdfKda 1931 fmnrjdß 19 jk Èk fuf,d t<sh ÿgQy' tu l=,l=urejkag foudmshka úiska ;nk ,o kduh jQfha —.s,anÜ .%eyeï chisxy˜ hkakhs' udïfma lksIaG úoHd,hg we;=<;a jQ fuu l=vd orejd .=re isiq wjOdkh Èkd .ekSug iu;a úh'

fmr lrk ,o msx n, uysufhka hq;a chisxy l=,l=urejd wd.u oyug ;Èka we¨ï lf<ah' ta ksidu Tyqf.a foudmsfhda udúka;r ¥fõj;a; mqrdK úydrdêm;s udúka;r .=Krk uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a Ndrldr;ajhg m;a l<y' tu kdhl yduqÿrejkaf.a md fijfKys fyrKisL wd§ nK oyï yodrd 1948 fmnrjdß 26 jeks Èk udúka;r .=Kr;k uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a yd ueo.u WNhjdmsldrdudêm;s ueo.u iquk;siai uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a wdpdhH;ajfhka meúÈ ìug we;=<;a úh' ziquk;siaiZ yd —.=Kr;k˜ hk .=refoajhka jykafia,df.a kï tlafldg udúka;r iqukr;k hk kduh meúoafoa § ,nd ÿkay' wk;=rej NsCIqjla jYfhka yod< hq;= nK oyï yeoEÍu i|yd fydaud.u úoHdj¾Ok msßfjkg;a" fld<U ud,.dlkal úfoHdaoh msßfjkg;a we;=<;a lrk ,§' tu mßfjka fol flakaø lr.ksñka uyK Èúhg wjYH nKoyï yeoEÍug iqukr;k ysñfhda iu;a jQy' 1953 § fldaÜfÜ › l,HdOE idu.%SOu_ uyd ix> iNdfõ isß ux., Wfmdai:d.drfha § Wmiïmod N+ñhg we;=<;a jQy'

ueo.u iquk;siai uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a wmj;a ùu fya;= fldg f.k wm l:dkdhlhdfKda wOHdmkh w;ru. kj;d oud úydria: odhl odhsldjkaf.a iqN isoaêh yd úydria: wNsjDoaêh ms‚i 1959 foieïn¾ 12 jk Èk nKavdr.u WNhjdmsldrdu úydria:dkhg jevu fldg oeä WfoHda.hlska hqla;j odhl odhsldjkaf.a wd.ñl wjYH;djka imqrd ÿkay' WNhjdmsldrdu úydria:dkhg jevu ùfuka wk;=rej oekg mj;sk OuYd,dj yd ffp;HrdchdKka jykafia yereKq úg wfkl=;a úydrdx.hhka j¾;udkfhys mj;akd ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍfuys,d wm%;y; ùhHfhka wm l:d kdhlhdfKda l%shd l<y' udmsh Wreufhka ,o Okh mjd ;u ifydaor-ifydaoßhkaf.a wdYs¾jdoh we;sj úydria:dkfhys wNsjDoaêh i|yd fhdojkakg ;rï wm ysñfhda mqKHldó jQy'

úydria:dkfhys fN!;sl ÈhqKqj fuka u m%foaYjdiS ÿjd orejkaf.a wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqj yd .=Kj.dj we;s lr,Su i|yd Wkajykafia —WNh jdmsldrdu oyï mdi,˜ wdrïN fldg wkqYdil;ajh orñka wmj;ajk ;=re u wñ, fiajhla isÿ l<y' ;uka jykafia isÿ lrk Ydiksl" wd.ñl" ixialD;sl fufyjr wLKavj mj;ajd f.k hdug;a wjYH udkj iïm;a we;s lsÍfuys,d udú;a;r iqukr;k yduqÿrefjda ÿro¾YSj l%shd l<y' mdkÿr iqux., úoHd,fha úY%dñl wdpdhH_ ueo.u iqukisß ysñ" rdclSh mKaä;" o¾Ykm;s w¨;a.u jJodkkao ysñ jeks W.;a O¾u úkhOr YsIH mq;%hka ;ekQy'

—iqL ix>iai idu.a.S˜ hk nqÿ jok mrudo¾Yh fldg .;a udúka;r iqukr;k yduqÿrefjda ish meúÈ ifydaor w¨;a.u kJodrdu uyd iajdóJøhka jykafia yd l,HdK ñ;%Fjfhka ieuod l%shd l<y' w¨;a.u WNh jdmsldrdufha § meúÈ Èúhg we;=<;a jQ w¨;a.u kJodrdu ysñhka udúka;r ¥fõj;a; mqrdK uyd úydria:dkfha Ndrldr;ajhg m;a jQfhao" udú;a;r mqrdK uyd úydrfha § meúÈ Èúhg we;=<;a jQ udú;a;r iqukr;k ysñhka w¨;a.u WNhjdmsldrdufha wêm;s OQrhg m;a jQfha o fï wfkHdakH ifydaor;ajfha m%;sM,hla jYfhks' YsIH mq;%hka jykafia,df.ka yd odhl ldrld§kaf.a fkduo wdor f.!rjhg md;% jQ iqukr;k f,dl= yduqÿrefjda l¿fndaú, frdayf,ys m%;sldr ,nñka isg ukdisys kqj‚ka hq;=j 2021 ckjdß 15 jeksod iji 3'30 g muK urKfha iod;ksl nj m%lg lrñka ;u mK k, jd;,hg uqiq l< fial'


wl=rK mCoaCodrxis kdhl iajdóJøhka jykafia

jI_ 1927 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 06 jk Èk uqks isßmd myi ,o imr.uq m<df;a r;akmqr Èia;%slalfha l=reúg fldar<fha ruOEh .ïmshila jQ t,a,dj, wl=rK .%dujrfhys w;siïNdjkSh mrïmrdjlg wh;a —lxldkf.a iq.;ka wmamqydñ˜ yd —Wvlokf.a rïue‚ld˜ hk oïm;Skag odj Wm; ,o —,S,dr;ak˜ kï jQ fuu msxj;a l=,l=urejdKkag ifydaor ifydaoßhka y;a fofkla jQy'

mqrdlD; mqKH uysuh lrKfldg f.k Ydik odhdoh ,eîfï uyd Nd.Hhg Wreulï lS fuu l=, l=urejd miajir iïmQ¾K jkjd;a iu. wl=re lrùug t,a,dj, ueÈ uy úÿy,g msh ke.=fõ h' .=re is;a Èkd .ksñka isma i;r yodrñka isáh § fud,a,sf.dv m%jpfkdaoh mßfõKdêm;s" t,a,dj, ixlsÉp kdhl iajdókaøhka jykafiaf.a fuyhùu wkqj meúoao flfrys is;a fhduq l< msxj;a l=urejdfKda uõmshkaf.a o is;a ta flfrys fhduq lrùug iu;a jQy' miqj foudmshkaf.a o {d;sñ;%d§kaf.a o wdYs¾jdoh uOHfha fndoafo,af.dv › foajrCIskdrdu mqKH N+ñhg 1939 § iïm%dma; úh' úydrdêm;s fodUf.dv Oïñiair kdysñmdKka jykafiaf.a md fijfKys uQ,sl nKoyï uekúka bf.k 1940 la jQ cqks ui 09 jeks Èk Wkajykafiaf.a YsIH r;akhla f,i —wl=rK m[a[drxis˜ kñka W;=ï iïnqÿ iiqfka meúÈ njg m;a úh'

wl=rK m[a[drxis fyrKmdfKda fkdfnda l,lska u wOHdmkh ,eîu i|yd —fud,a,sf.dv m%jpfkdaoh msßfjkg˜ we;=<;a jQy' úh;a" is,aj;a" .=Kj;a uy f;reka jykafia,d jYfhka .sys meúÈ ieuf.a iïNdjkdjg md;%j jev isá .re t,a,dj, ixlsÉp kdysñ w;s.re fud,a,sf.dv wßhjxi uy kdysñ w;smQcH ,nq.u ,xldkJo uy kdysñhka we;=¿ úh;a uy f;reka jykafia,df.a md fijfKys wOHdmkh ,eîfï Nd.H Wkajykafiag ysñ úh' 1949 uQ,sl msßfjka wOHdmkh wjika lr bkamiq ,xldfõ m%Odk;u msßfjka wdh;k foflka tlla jQ fld<U urodk úfoHdaoh msßfjkg we;=<;a j tys jev isá jHla; m%;sn, iïmkak mßfõkdêm;s kdysñhka jykafia we;=¿ we÷re uvq,af,ka isma i;r yeoErEy' W.; ukd nK oyï m%.=K l<" msßmqka jhia we;s fyrKmdfKda fndoafo,af.dv › foajrCIskdrdudêm;s f.!rjd¾y fodUf.dv OïñiairdNsOdk uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a wdpdhH;ajfhka m%Odk YsIHd f,i 1952 cqks udifha§ fldaÜfÜ › l,HdOE idu.%SOu_ uyd ix> iNd hla; isß ux., Wfmdai:d.drfha § wêYS, ixLHd; W;=ï Wmiïmodj ,enQy'

wl=reK m[a[drxis ysñhka Wmim;a;sh ,enQ ld,fha§u Wkajykafiaf.a .=re foajhka jykafia frda.d;=r jQy' ;u wOHdmkhg;a jvd .=rejrhdg wdorh l< m[a[drxis ysñfhda wOHdmkh mfil,d › foajrCIs;drduhg jevu fldg .=refoajhka jykafiag l< hq;= wem Wmia:dk fkdmsßfy<d lreKd ffu;%S fmroeßj bgq lsÍug j;auka ;reK h;sjrhka jykafia,dg uy.= wdo¾Yhls' frda.h W;aikak ùu ksid 1954 cqks ui 18 jeks od .re fodUf.dv Oïñiair uyd iajdóJøhka jykafia wmj;a jQy' Wmiïmodfjka jia folla .; jQ wl=reK m[a[drxis ysñhka ;u odhl odhsldjka yd úydria:dkh .ek is;d ;ukaf.a Wiia WOHdmkh kj;d oud fndÿ okka fjkqfjka 1954 § fndoafo,af.dv › foajrCIs;drdufha wdêm;Hhg m;a jQy'

Wkajykafiaf.a wm%;sy; ffOhH_ ksid u fndoafo,af.dv › foajrlaIskdrdu l,d;aul nqoaO ukaÈrh" ffp;H rdchdKka jykafia" uq,af.h" fndaê m%dldrh" wdjdif.h" m%dldrdÈfhka wkQk fldg ukrï mqoìula njg m;a lf<ah' 1979 ft;sydisl wkqrdOmqrh n,d jevu fldg tys w;s ÿIalr .ïudkhla jQ rUEj .%dufhys fn!oaO uOHia:dkhla f.dv kxjd m%foaYjdiS ieoeyej;a ckhdg wd.ñl lghq;= myiqfjka isÿ lr .ekSug wjia:dj i,id§u yd Tjqkaf.a Ôú; f.dv kxjd .ekSug Wkajykafia isÿ l< uÕfmkaùu yd wkq.%yhka iodkqiaurOEh fõ' 1975 jIfha § Wkajykafia jEj, bism;kdrduh ixj¾Okh lsÍfï ldhHg o w; ;enQy' tys mQckSh f.dvke.s,s fndÿ okka f.a fk;a is;a myka lrjk wdldrhg l,d;aulj ksudKh fldg we;s wdldrfhka Wkajykafiaf.a ksudK l=i,;dj uekúka biau;= fõ' 1988 § bism;k nyq ;dlaI‚l ixj¾Ok moku wdrïN fldg tu.ska m%foaYfha /lshd úrys; ;reK ;re‚hkag iajYla;sfhka Ôú;h f.dvk.d .ekSug u. i,id ÿkay' Tjqyq foaY foaYdka;rhkays /lshdjkays ksr; jk w;r iajhx /lshdj, o kshqla; fj;s' —mrF:Z hk nqÿ jokg wkqj Wkajykafia mrd¾:h i|ydu ;u ld,h" Y%uh nqoaêh lem l<y'

tl, fkdÈhqKq .ïudkhlaj mej;s ñ,a,ksh m%foaYh ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd úYd, mßY% mßY%uhla oerE Wka jykafia orejkaf.a wOHdmkh fjkqfjka foajrCIs; <ore mdi, wdrïN fldg mj;ajdf.k hdu" úydria:dk N+ñfhys wdrïN lrk ,o foajrCIs; úoHd,h mkai,g hdno bvfï ia:dms; lsÍug hdfï§ újO lror ndOd meñ‚h o fkdief,k mõjla fia tajdg Èßfhka uqyqK ÿkay' th oekg uyd úoHd,hla f,i ish oyia .Kka orejkag isma i;r fnod fok lS¾;su;a wOHdmk wdh;khla njg m;a ù we;' ;u YsIHhkaf.a wOHdmkhg ndOd fkdjk mßÈ úydria:dkfha ffoksl lghq;= isÿ lsÍu" YsIH mq;%hkag b;d ldre‚lj ie,lSu' ieu úg u NsCIqFjfha f.!rjh wdrlaId lsÍug l%shd lsÍu o Wkajykafiaf.a pß;h ;=< lemS fmfkk iqúfYaIS .=Kdx. fj;s'

m[a[drxis ysñmdKka jykafia f,dal Ydiksl fiajh w.h lsÍu i|yd wm ix> iNdj u.ska —O¾u lS¾;s › foajrCIs; hk f.!rj kduh iys;j rhs.ï fldar<fha Wm m%Odk ix> kdhl˜ moúfhka Wkajykafia iïudks; jQy' 1978 .,af.dv › uyd úydr md¾Yjh ksfhdackh lrñka l,HdOE iNsl OQrhg o nKavdr.u m%dfoaYSh YdikdrCIl n, uKav,fha f,aLldêldÍ OQrhg o" fydrK m%dfoaYSh YdikdrCIl uKav,fha iNdm;s OQrhg o m;a fjñka wd.fï Wkak;sh yd oyï mdi,a kfjdaoh fjkqfjka o wñ, fufyjrla isÿ l<y' wdfrday mßKdy iïmkak foayhlska o" iskduqiq uqyq‚ka o w,afmaÉP;d" ika;=ÜÀ;d wd§ Y%uK .=Khkaf.ka .sys meúÈ ieuf.a Ñ;a;drdOkh lrñka jev isá wfma kd ysñfhda ukd isys kqj‚ka hq;=j 2017 fmnrjdß 22 jk od fm'j' 10'00 g muK lS¾;s fYaINdfjdam.; jQy'


fn,a,k › fidaudf,dal uyd iajdóJøhka jykafia

l¿;r Èia;%slalfha w.,j;a; m%dfoaYSh iNd n, m%foaYhg wh;a fn,a,k mkdovqlkafoys mÈxÑ ieoeyej;a fn!oaOhka jQ —udÿf.dvrd<,df.a welauka .=Kr;ak˜ iy —kjq;a;=vqj ,shkf.a ;sfiard˜ hk oïm;Skag odj tfldf<dia fofkl=f.ka hq;a leoe,af,ys ihjekakd f,i 1953 ckjdß ui 05 jeks Èk Wm; ,o —udÿf.dvrd<,df.a ir;a .=Kr;ak˜ kï l=, l=urejd mjq,g is;=ñKla j;a jia;=jla úh' wdor fiksyi yd iu.sh W;=rd.sh mjqf,ys jvd;a wdorh fhduq jQfha fudyq fj;gh'

.fï mdif,ka tkï fn,a,k úoHd,fhka 1959 § wOHdmkh wdrïN l< ir;a YsIHhd olajk ,o yelshdjka ksidu .=rejrekaf.a yd YsIH m%cdjf.a fkduo wdor ie,ls,a,g nÿka úh' 1964 § oaú;Sh wOHdmkh i|yd —w.,j;a; ñysÿ úoHd,hg˜ we;=<;a jQ w;r .uka myiqj ;ld mskakf.dv bkaøirdrdufha fkajdisl ùug isÿ úh' .=re is; fkdßojñka- ñ;= isiq ieuf.a is;aÈkd .ksñka fmd;-m; W.ksñka yeuf.a wdorh ÈkQ ir;a .=Kr;ak fj; meúÈùfï b,a¨u meñ‚fha tjlg fkajdislj yqka mskakf.dv › bJøirdrdudêm;s mskakf.dv fyaudf,dal f,dl= yduqÿrejka fj;sks' foudmsh wjirfhka 1965 Tlaf;dïn¾ 15 jeksÈk mskakf.dv fyaudf,dal ud ysñhkaf.a wdpdhH;ajfhka wdNsOïñl ´j;af;a isßr;k uyd iajdóJøhka jykafiaf.a yd rdclSh mKaä; w;s.re fn,a,k [dKúu, uy kdhl udysñmdKka jykafiaf.a WmdOHdh yd lujd.dpdhH;ajfhka fn,a,k fidaudf,dal kñka W;=ï meúÈ ìug we;=<;a úh'

meúÈ ùfuka wk;=rej meúoafol= úiska yod< hq;= j;a ms<sfj;a" weje;=ï-mej;=ï" jk fmd;a l< hq;= nK oyï wd§ fndfyda foa .=refoajhka jykafia fj;ska m%.=K lrñka fojirla muK úydria:dkfhys u /§ isáfha h' bka wk;=rej —fn,a,k › Oumd, msßfjkg˜ we;=<;a j W.; hq;= nK oyï uekúka m%.=K l<y' 1974 § fldaÜfÜ › l,HdOE idu.%SOu_ uyd ix> iNdhla; isßux., Wfmdai:d.drfha§ háhk Oïufcda;s ud ysñhkaf.a wdpdhH;ajfhka W;=ï Wmiïmodj ,nd .;ay' jeäÿr wOHdmkh i|yd fydrK úoHdr;ak úYaj úoHdmSGhg we;=<;a jqjo ish .=re foajhkaf.a b,a,Su mßÈ wOHdmkh w;yer úydria:dkhg meñOEug isÿúh' ;reK cjh;a" m%Yia: wdpdhHjrekaf.ka ,o mkakrh;a u; Oïufcda;s ud ysñhkag iydh fjñka mskakf.dv úydria:dk b;sydifha yd úydr ixj¾Okfhys lemS fmfkk mßj¾:khla isÿ lsÍug fidaudf,dal ysñfhda iu;a jQy'

iquOqr iajrfhka msß;a foiSug wm l:dkdhlfhda oelajQfha iqúfYaIS oCI;djhls' m%foaYfha mej;s i;s msß;a" ;siamE ;=fka" ;siamE yf;a yd ijrd;%sl mß;%dK OufoaYkdjkayS ke;sju neß foaYlhdKka jykafia kula jQy' wkqYdikd foaYkdjkays § Wkajykafiaf.a iajrh yDohdx.u úh' ndk., Wm;siai kdysñhkaf.a wdrdOkfhka 1988 § cmdkhg jevu ùu;a" uyd úydrfha mß;%dK Ou_ foaYkd iïm%odh ms<sn| f:rjd§ wdf,dalhla ,nd §u;a fuys,d úfYaIfhka i|yka l< hq;=h' cmdkfha › ,xld ;dkdm;s ldhHd,fha ijrd;%sl mß;%dK Ou_ foaYkdjla m<uqjrg meje;ajQfha wm l:dkdhlhka jykafiaf.a uQ,sl;ajfhks' ta yer fidaudf,dal ysñfhda iquOqr OulÓlhdKka jykafia kula jQy' ldhH_ idOkfhys ,d wm%;sy; ffOhHjka;fhla jQy' .eg¿ wdrjq,a w¾nqo yuqfjys wNS; isxyfhls' úmf;a §" msysgla wjYH ;ek § ldre‚l msfhls' wd.ka;=l i;aldrfha§ wk,iaj lem jQ mß;Hd.YS,sfhls' weiqfrys § l,HdK ñ;%fhls' oCI" m%;sNdiïmkak iiqka fl; jev jeãfuys ksr; ix> ms;Djrfhls'

fod<fyak m%foaYh kdh hdfï§ ;reK NsCIqjla f,i Wkajykafiaf.a ueÈy;aùu m%foaYjdiSkaf.a muKla fkdj tjlg w.%dud;H OQrh fynjQ wd¾ fm%uodi ue;s;=udf.a yd ksfhdacH wud;H fuß,a ldßhjiï ue;s;=udf.a o m%Yxidjg ,laúh' ksjila wjYH wfhl=g ksjila ;kd §u jy,hla ielish hq;= ;ek Bg ueÈy;aùu" udj;la wjYH ;ekg th ,nd§u wdÈh Wkajykafia miq ng fkdjQ ;ekah' mskakf.dv isg uq,áhk olajd ud¾.h mq¿,a lsÍfï § Wkajykafiaf.a odhl;ajh ldf.a;a u;lfha ;ekam;a j we;' uq,áhk .%dfudaoh iNdm;s jYfhka uxudj;a" fndalal=" md,ï" ksjdi" f.dvke.s,s fndfyduhla bÈlr we;' oekg ;eme,a ldhHd,h .%duks,OdÍ ldhHd,h" iuDoaê ldhHd,h" m%d'iNd fmr mdi, yd iuQmldrh wd§ wdh;k msysgd we;s f.dvke.s,a, bÈlsÍfï mqfrda.dñhd jQfh;a" th msysgd we;s bvu mß;Hd. lrk ,oafoa;a fidaudf,dal ysñmdKka úisks' uq,áhk m%.;s m%cduQ, ks,a Èhjr ixúOdkh msysgqjd m%foaYhg mdkSh c, myiqj imhd §u" ffu;S% m%cdYd,dj bÈlrùu" udkdNrK yryd Èj,f.dvg Èfjk ud¾.h bÈ lrùu o Wkajykafiaf.a ldhHNdrhka w;r fõ'

;u m%Odk;ajfhka l%shd;aul jQ —› fyaudf,dal oyï mdi,˜ u.ska m%foaYfha ore oeßhka fj; oyï wOHdmkh ,nd foñka .=K keK msß u;= mrmqrla fjkqfjka jQ lem lsÍu o fuys,d i|yka l< hq;=h' w.,j;a; m%dfoaYSh YdikdrCIl n,uKav,fha iNdm;s" Èia;%sla taldnoaO m%cduQ, ixio n, uKav,fha iNdm;s" uq,áhk .%dfudaoh uKav,fha iNdm;s mskakf.dv .%du ixjOk iñ;sfha iNdm;s" w.,j;a; fmryer lñgqfõ wkqYdil wd§ ;k;=r /ilau Wkajykafia úiska ork ,§' Ydikfha ia:djr;ajhg odhl úh yels YsIH mq;%hka jykafia,d ;kñka" wre;a nrjQ;a" fkdisia jQ;a" il%Sh jQ;a jevodhs jQ;a meúÈ Ôú;hla .; l< fn,a,k fidaudf,dal uyd iajdókaøhka jykafia buy;a f,dal Ydik fiajdjla bgq lsÍfuka wk;=rej ál l,la frda.S ;;a;ajfhka miq ù wjqreÿ 67 la muK wdhq j<od 2020 foieïn¾ 31 jeksod wmj;a ù jod< fial'


le,‚h jkjdi, mqrdK úydrdêm;s f.!rj Ydia;%fõ§ idys;H lS¾;s › ioaOudjd.SYajr fldgqú, úu,isß úu,lS¾NHdNsOdk .ïmy ÈYdfõ m%Odk ix> kdhl uyd iajdóJøhka jykafia

—fhd fydNs úhf;;d p úidrfod p - nyqiiqf;d Oïu Ofrdp fyd;s
Oïuii fyd;s wkqOïupdß - i;dÈfid jqÉp;s ix> fidNfkda˜

hï NsCIqka jykafia kula jHla; jQfha o" úYdro jQfha o nyqY%e; jQfha o" OudkqOu_ m%;smkak jQfha o" ta f;fï ix> fYdaNk hehs lshkq ,efí' ^wx'4 1' 1' 7& tjka Wodr ix> fYdaNk .=Khkaf.ka wkQk uyd h;sjrhka jykafia kuls —w;smQcH fldgqú, úu,lS¾;HdNsOdk uyd iajdóJøhka jykafia'˜ niakdysr m<df;a" fld<U Èia;%slalfha le,‚h fiaoj;a; kï iqkaor .fï ksjeis —mS'ví' rKisxy uy;dg˜ odj —isis,shd fmf¾rd uy;añhf.a˜ l=iska 1935 cQ,s 08 jeksod iqmsxj;a orefjla fuf,dj t<sh ÿgqfõh' kE ishkaf.a is;a i;ka wukakdkJohg m;a lrñka Wmka l=, l=urejd —m%shdkJo rKisxy ùrlafldä˜ hehs ud msfhda kï l<y' ifydaor ifydaoßhka oi fofkl=f.ka hq;a mjqf,a ihjekakd j Wmka m%shdkJo rKisxy l=,orejd fiaoj;a; uOH uyd úoHd,fhka yd le,‚h O¾udf,dal uOH uyd úoHd,fhka uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,enqfõ h' Wm;ska u odhdo fldg f.k wd mskan, uysuh;a" ieoeye .=Kh;a ksid u l=vd m%shdkJo rKisxy orejd wd.u oyug keUqre úh' tys m%;sM,hla f,I 1950 ckjdß 01 jeksod jkjdi, mqrdK uyd úydrdêm;sj jev úiQ fydalkaor úu,isß uyd iajdóJøhk jykafiaf.a wdpdhH;ajfhka fldgqú, úu,lS¾;s kñka meúÈ ìug we;=<;a úh'

le,‚h úoHd,xldr uy msßfjkg 1950 § we;=<;a jQ úu, lS¾;s ysñfhda b;d oCI f,i uQ,sl wOHdmk lghq;=j, ksr; jQy' tys kùk mka;sfha isg f.!rj idud¾:Hh ,;a Wkajykafia 1953 j¾Ifha úoHd,xldr msßfjfka fcHIaG úNd.fhka f.!rj mka;sfha m%uqLhd ù —fidmdhd˜ YsIHFjh o ysñ lr .;ay' 1954 j¾Ifha § úoHd,xldr msßfjk u.ska rcfha fcHIaG úNd.hg bÈßm;a lrk ,o YsIHhka w;=ßka .‚; úIh iys;j iu;a jQfha Wkajykafia mu‚' 1956 § isxy, md,s" ixialD; hk NdId;%h iys;j m%dÖK m%drïN úNd.h o" 1958 m%dÖk uOH úNd.ho iu;a jQy' ;jo 1956 isg 1958 j¾Ij,§ úoHd,xldr uy msßfjk u.ska mj;ajk ,o idys;HdpdhH_ úNd.fha m%drïN yd uOHuh úNd.j,ska iu;a jQ w;r uOHu úNd.fhka m%:u mka;sfha m%uqLhd f,i o iu;a jQy' Ydiaf;%daoa.%yKfhka ,;a nyqY%e; Ndjfhka o" YsCIKfhka o mßmQ¾K jQ wdo¾Yj;a h;sjrfhl= j isá úu,lS¾;s ysñhkaf.a Ôú;fha oaú;Sh wjêh wdrïN jQfha 1959 § Wiia wOHdmkh i|yd úoHd,xldr úYaj úoHd,hg msúiSu;a iu.h' tys§ 1963 olajd isxy, f.!rj Wmdê mdGud,dj yodrd fojk fm< by< idud¾:hla ,nd úYaj úoHd, wOHdmkfhka o úYsIag M, fk<d .;ay'

tod úoHd,xldr uy msßfjfkys jev isá O¾uOr úkhOr" nyqY%e; uy f;rjrekaf.a weiqfrys W.; ukd Yío Ydia;%dÈh u;= fkdj O¾u úkh o m%.=K lrñka ksis jhig m;a úu,lS¾;s ysñmdfKda 1956 cQ,s ui 28 jeks Èk fldaÜfÜ rdc uyd úydria: isß ux., Wfmdai:d.drfha § wê YS, ixLHd; Wmiïmodj ,enQy' jkjdi, mqrdK úydrdêm;sj jev isá iajlSh .=refoajhka jQ w;smQcH fydalkaor úu,isß uyd iajdókaøhka jykafia 1960 cqks ui 25 jk Èk wmj;a ù jodf<ka ta jk úg miaúis úfhys miq jQ fldgqú, úu,ls;a;s ysñmdfKda b;d ;=reKq úfha§u wNskj úydrdêm;s;ajhg m;ajQy' úoHd,xldr úYajúoHd,fha Wiia wOHdmkh ,nñka isáh§u .=re foajhkaf.a wmj;a ù jodf<ka ta jk úg miaúis úfhys miq jQ fldgú, úu,lS¾;s ysñmdfKda b;d ;=reKqúfha§u wNskj úydrdêm;s;ajhg m;ajQy' úoHd,xldr úYajúoHd,fha Wiia wOHdmkh ,nñka isáh§u .=re foajhkaf.a wmj;a ùu;a" úydrdêm;s moúfha j.lSï orkakg isÿùula ksid wNsfhda. /ilg uqyqK fokakg isÿjqjo ta ish,a,u wêIaGdk mQ¾jlj ch.%yKh lr,Sug wjYH Yla;sh ffOhH_ yd YsCIKh ta jk úg;a Wkajykafia ,nd isáhy'

úoHd,xldr úYaj úoHd,fha isxy, úfYaI Ydia;%fõ§ Wmdê mdGud,dj yeoEÍfuka ,;a Wiia u m%;sM, ksid isxy, wxYfha lÓldpdhHjrfhl= jYfhka n|jd .kq ,enQ 1964-1968 olajd lrk ,o ldhHNdrh Wkajykafiaf.a wOHdmk fiajdfõ úYsIagu wjia:dj úh Ydia;%Sh Ôú;fha ;SrKd;aul wjia:djl úydrdêm;s ;k;=rl nr bis,Sfï ffofjdam.; brKug uqyqK §ug isÿ fkdù kï wm kdysñmdKkag tl, by< Ydia;%Sh ;,hlg msúish yelsj ;snqKq nj iajlSh w;S;dj¾ckfhys fhÿKq wjia:dj, § mejiQy' wk;=rej Wm.=rejrfhl= f,i mdGYd,dj, fiajh weröfï isg rcfha fiajfhka úY%du hdu f;la ùf.dv uyd úoHd,h le,‚ uyd úoHd,h hk .ïmy Èia;%slalfha úoHd, lsysmhl o" wïmdr Èia;s%lalfha ux.,.u ux.,drdu" fiarxlv" uyTh" lemafmáfmd< hk uyd úoHd,j, o m%ùK wdpdhHjrfhl= f,i fiajh l<y' óg wu;rj le,‚fha úoHd,xldr uy msßfjfkys o" fld<U fÊ;jk úYajúoHd,dkqnoaO msßfjka úoHdh;kfhys o wdpdhHjrfhl= f,i fiajh l< úu, lS¾;s ysñfhda 1971-1975 f;la fldaÜfys isß merl=ïnd msßfjfkys mßfõKdêm;s Oqrh o oerEy' wkka; ÿIalr;d bjiñka wOHdmk fiajfha ksr; jQ Wkajykafia úisy;a jirla ;=< úoHd msmdifhka wfkalúO ÿIalr;dj,ska o mSvd úÈ wirK orejkag b;is;ska mß;Hd. lrk ,oafoa ;uka i;= [dK Okh muKla fkdjk nj wms oksuq'

fl;rï ldhHnyq, Ôú;hla .; l< o ;reK úfha mgka Ydia;%Sh lghq;= flfrys ukd wjêhlska lghq;= lsÍug Wkajykafia iu;a jQ nj oelafjk Ydia;%Sh ,sms f,aLk rdYshla ;;ald,Sk mqjla m;a yd Ydia;%Sh iÕrdj, m, ù we;' le,‚h úYaj úoHd,fha isxy, wOHhk wxYh u.ska m<l< —isxy,˜ iÕrdfõ ux., l,dmfha iu ixialdrjrfhl= f,i l%shd fldg we;s Wkajykafia tod ckm%sh iÕrdjla jQ ghsïia uJÈrfhys m<l< —rijdysksh˜ i|yd jir .Kkdjla Ydia;%Sh ,sms iemhQy' tfiau wdpdhH_ ;siai ldßhjiï uy;df.a —mer‚ .oH idys;Hh kï lD;sh ms<sn|j úoHd,xldr úYaj úoHd,fha isxy, wxYh fjkqfjka ÈkñK m;%h u.ska m<lrk ,o úfõpkh Ydia;%sh w;ska b;d jeo.;a jQjls' tfia u fï hq.fha m< jQ wfkl=;a mqj;am;a yd jdr iÕrdj,g ,shk ,o Ydia;%Sh ,sms ixLHdj o úYd,h' fldaÜfÜ Y%S l,Hd‚ idu.%SOu_ uyd ix> iNdj úiska 1986 cqks 25 Èk —idys;H lS¾;s ›˜ hk f.!rj kduh wm ysñmdKka fj; m%odkh lrk ,oafoa o úfYaIfhka hf:dala; Ydia;%sh fiajdjg nqyquKa jYfhks' 2020 § —úoHd,xldr r;ak —úN+IK hk f.!rj kduh iys;j w;sf¾l WmdOHdh ;k;=rla o ix> iNdj úiska msßkuk ,oafoa Wkajkafia f.a iïNdjkSh Ydiksl fiajdjg f.!rj oelaùï jYfhks'

funÿ Ydia;%Sh fiajd uOHfha u le,‚h jkjdi, úydria:dkh il,úO úydrdx.j,ska iukaú; fldg j¾;udk ;;a;ajhg f.k taug iu;a ùu Wkajykafiaf.a ldhHY+r;ajh;a" wiSñ; lemùfï YlH;djh;a ms<ìUq lrkakls' wmj;a ù jod< .re;r f,dl= yduqÿrejka jykafiaf.a › kduh isys lrkq jia bÈ l< >KaGd ia:ïNhla" iqúYd, OuukaÈrhla" ffp;Hrdchdka" wNskj fkajdisl NsCIqkag wx. iïmQ¾K myiqj ie,ish yels fouy,a ix>djdih;a" fnfy;a Yd,dj" ulr f;drK iys; jQ m%dldrh;a" fouy,a O¾uYd,d f.dvke.s,a,;a w,xldr Od;= ukaÈrh;a wfkla l=ÿ uy;a úydrdx.;a bÈlrk ,oafoa Wkajykafiaf.a uÕ fmkaùu hgf;a h' tfiau wkqrdOmqrfha isg fndaê wxl=rhla jevujd frdamKh lr ta jgd fndaê m%dldrhla lrùu o isÿ jQfha kdysñhkaf.a wkqYdil;ajfhks' le,‚h" uyr" ìh.u hk fldÜGdi ;=fka taldnoaO YdikdrCIl iñ;sfha iudrïNl f,alï OQrh oerE Wkajykafia le,‚h" m%dfoaYSh YdikdrCIl uKav,fha oyï mdi,a wkquKav,fha m%Odk iNdm;sjrhd jYfhka o jkjdi, mqrdK úydria: isß úu,isß O¾u úoHd,fha m%Odkdpd¾hjrhd f,i o wñ, fufyjrla wm kdysñfhda isÿ l<y'

.ïmy Èia;%slalfha muKla fkdj uq¿ uy;a rfÜu jHla; úYdro O¾u foaYlfhl= jYfhka Wkajykafia Ñrm%isoaOla bisÆy' ljr fyda .eUqre oyula ir, f,i myod §fuys ,d Wkajykafia ;=< we;s oCI;djh úYauh ckl úh' le,‚h rcuyd úydrfha jd¾Isl nqoaO chka;s W;aijh jeks m%lg mqfKHd;aij ksñ;s fldg meje;a jQ O¾u foaYkdj, § Wkajykafiaf.a O¾u foaYkdj ljo;a lemS fmks‚'

jkjdi, mqrdK uyd úydria:dkh w;S;fha isgu m%isoaO mej;sfha mdrïmßl fjolu iïnkaOfhks' jkjdi, fjo mkai, hehs lS mu‚ka fï rfÜ fndfyda fokd wo;a th uekúka y÷k;s' tmuKla fkdj fuu mdrïmßl wdhq¾fõo ffjoH fiajdj u.ska ìys jQ .sys meúÈ ffjoHjre › ,xldj mqrdK mdfya wo;a jHdma;j isá;s' wm kdysñmdKka jykafiag tod isgu ta i|yd fhfokakg ;rï bv m%ia;d fkdfhÿK o tlS fiajdj i|yd ish¨ lghq;= iïmdokh lrk ,oafoa Wkajykafia w;sks' wirK frda.Ska iqjm;a lsÍu yqÿ ksiairKOHdYfhka u isÿ lsÍu i|yd;a úêu;a j mj;ajdf.k hdu i|yd;a wjYH ish¨ myiqlï Wkajykafia úiska ilid ;snq‚' miqld,Skj ksis iïm;aodhlhka fkdue;s ùu ksid fnfy;a Yd,dj mj;ajd .; fkdyels j wNdjhg m;aúh' iuia; Ôú;h u mrd¾:h i|yd lem l< wmkdysñmdKka jykafia yÈis frda.d;=rj fl<U cd;sl frdayf,a m%;sldr ,nñka isáh§ hx ls[aÑ iuqoh Oïux iínx ;x ksfrdaO Oïux˜ hk nqÿ jok m%lg lrñka jir wiQmyl wdhq ld,h ksud fldg 2020 uehs ui 16 jeks Èk wmrNd. 10'10 g muK ukd isyskqj‚ka hq;=j u wmj;a ù jod<y'


udÈfj, › pkaoúu,dNsOdk kdhl uyd iajdóJøhka jykafia

—fhd p fLd NslaLfõ NslaLq Oïufha j ilalfrdkaf;d Oïux .re lfrdkaf;d" Oïux wmpdhudfkda iqjfpda fyda;s' fidajpiai;x wdmÊc;s' ;uyx iqjfpda;s jodñ' ;iaudy NslaLfj tajx islaÅ;ínx' Oïuxfhaj ilalfrdka;d" Oïux .relfrdka;d Oïux wmpdhudkd iqjpd Núiaidu' fidajpiai;x wdmÊðiaidud;s' tjx ysfjda NslaLfõ islaÅ;ínx˜

uyfKks" hï meúoafola O¾uhg i;aldr lrkafka" O¾uhg .re lrkafka O¾uh mqokafka iqjp fõo" iqjp njg meñfKa o" uu Tyq iqjpfhlehs lshñ' uyfKks tfyhska f;dm úiska u fufia yslañh hq;=h' O¾uhg u i;aldr lrñka" O¾uhg u .re lrñka O¾uh mqoñka iqjp jkafkuq' iqjp njg meñfKkafkuqhs lshd uyfKks f;dms úiska fufia u yslañh hq;=h'

by; nqoaO foaYkdj wl=rg u ms<smÈñka iajlSh meúÈ Ôú;h O¾uhg fhduq fldg id¾:l lr.;a uyd h;sjrfhl= f,i 2017 wfm%a,a ui 11 jk Èk wmj;a ù jod< fldaÜfÜ isß merl=ïNd msßfjka úydrdêm;s" rdclSh mKaä;" idys;HdpdhH_ w;s.re ufydamdOHdh udÈfj, › pkaoúu,dNsOdk kdhl udysñmdKka jykafia y÷kajd Èh yelsh'

niakdysr m<df;a fld<U Èia;%slalhg wh;a ft;sydisl › chj¾Okmqrjrhg kqÿßka jQ udÈfj, .%duh Wkajykafiaf.a chN+ñh jQy' udÈfj, .%duh furg muKla fkdj úfoaYhkayS o m;<d jQ .%duhla njg m;a jQfha —fldaÜfÜ Y% l,HdOE idu.%SOu uyd ix> iNdfõ W;=ï uy kdhl moúh fyn jQ w;s.re udÈfj, › wfkdauoiaiS uydkdhl udysñhka jykafia ksidh' 1920 wf.daia;= 13 jeks Èk ckau,dNh ,o wm l:dkdhlhkajykafiaf.a fifkfynr uõmsfhda jQfha ,shkf.a tfxf.dafkdakd ue‚fla" yd fm;s.uqjf.a fkdfyd;a l=reúg fldar<,df.a fcdaYma fmf¾rd hk oïm;Sfhda h' m%foaYfha iïNdjkSh mjq,la jYfhka kï ord isá fuu mjqf,a m%Odkshd j fcdaYma fmf¾rd uy;d .ïm%Odksfhl= jYfhka ´kEu iNdjl uq,ik fynùug ;rï m%n, wfhl=j isá nj lshefõ' ifydaor ifydaoßhka i;a fofkl=f.ka hq;a mjqf,a nd,hd jQ —mS'fla' fâúâ fmf¾rd mjqf,a ldf.a;a iqr;,d úh' Wvyuq,a, fn!oaO ñY% mdif,a y;r mka;sh olajd wOHdmkh yod< fâúÜ fmf¾rd bf.kSfï Wmka ymkalï mE olaIfhl= jQ w;r mka;sfha iEu úg u m%:uhd o úh'

l;mqKH .=Kfhka fyì l=vd fâúÜ fmf¾rd <oreúfha isgu iajlSh mshdKka hgf;a Y;l fmd;a jHdildrh" cd;l fmd; wd§ .%ka: lshùfuka lSfuys ìKsfuys olaI;d we;sj isáfha h' fï w;r fmr mska u;=ùfuka meúÈ Èúhg we;=<;a ùug is;a my< jQ l=,l=urejkayg mshdf.a wdYs¾jdoh ,enqK;a" uE‚hkaf.a wdYs¾jdoh fkd,eîu ksid fkdi;=áka miq úh' tfy;a msk iqÿiq wjia:dfj úmdl fok neúka jhi oyhla iïmQK_ fj;au fâúÜ fmf¾rd Èkla ,shqula ,shd f.or <sx mäh Wäka ;ud ldg;a fydfrka meúÈ ùu i|yd .nvdj;af;a mkai,g ^isß merl=ïnd msßfjkg& .sfhah' tys wêm;s OQrh oerefõ id¾jfN!u mKaä; w;s.re udÈfj, › wfkdauoiaiS uydkdhl udysñmdKka jykafiah' Wkajykafia l=vd fâúÜ fmf¾rdf.a mshdf.a ifydaorhd h' úydria:dkh meñ‚ l=vd fâúÜ .sysl< ;u {d;s ifydaorfhl= jQ w;a;säfha Oïuisß fmdä yduqÿrejka yd l=<m. ñ;%Fjhla we;s lr.;af;ah' miqj fâúÜ udmshkaf.a wjir we;sj 1932 wf.daia;= 22 jk Èk udÿ¿fõ › bJøfcda;s kdhl udysñhka jykafiaf.a WmOHdh;ajfhka yd ñÈfj, wfkdauoiaiS uydkdhl udysñhka jykafia yd ms,dfka bkaør;k uyd iajdñJøhka jykafiaf.a wdpdhHFjfhka —udÈfj, pkaoúu,˜ kñka meúÈ Èúhg we;=<;a jQy'

iajlSh .=refoajhka jykafia,df.a hgf;a uQ,sl mkai,a wOHdmkh fuka u msßfjka wOHdmkh o ,enQ Wkajykafia Wiia wOHdmkh ,nd .ekSug isß merl=ïnd msßfjfkka neyerj mE,shf.dv úoHd,xldr uy msßfjkg 1944 j¾Ifha§ we;=<;a jQy' tys§ m%dÖk úNd.;%hg yd úoHd,xldr msßfjka wjidk mÍCIKhg fmkS isá Wkajykafia rdlSh mKaä;" idys;HdpdhH_ hk Wmdê o iu. oCI f,i iu;a jQy' isxy, md,s" ixialD;" yskaÈ hk NdIdjkayS m%dud‚l W.f;l= jQ Wkajykafia tu úIhka iïnkaOfhka uE; hq.fha jev isá wiydh mäjrfhl= jQy' W.f;l= jYfhka ;uka jykafia ,o lS¾;sh yd f.!rjh iajlSh .=re foajhka jykafiag fukau mE,shf.dv úoHd,xldr uy msßfjfkys hlalvqfõ › mq{drdu" lsßj;a;=vqfõ › m%{didr" nU/kafoa isß iSj,S" fldgfyafka m[a[ls;a;s" j,afmd, rdyq," wdkJo id.r hk fY%aIaG úoHd,xldr h;sjrhka jykafia,dg msßkeóg Wkajykafia lsisÿ úgl ue,s fkdjQy' úoHd,xldr msßfjkg Wkajykafiaf.a yo ;=< jQ f.!rjh wmj;a jk ;=reu;a fkdkeiS mej;s nj wm fyd¢ka okakd lreKls' úoHd,xldr uy msßfjkam;s wdpdhH_ je,ñáhdfõ › l=i,OïudNsOdk kdhl udysñhka jykafia we;=¿ úoHd,xldr wdh;kslhka o" Wkajykafiag uy;a fiksyiska l%shd l<y'

idufKarfhl= jYfhka W.;hq;= nK oyï ksis mßÈ yod< Wkajykafia 1941 cQ,s 17 jeks Èk fldaÜfÜ rdc uyd úydria: isßux., Wfmdai:d.drfha § wêYS, ixLHd; Wmiïmod YS,hg m;ajQy' b;d m%Yia: wOHdmkhla ,enQ Wkajykafia úoHd,xldr msßfjka wOHdmk lghq;= ksujd jevu jk ;=re w;a;säfha Oïuisß kdhl udysñhka jykafia ,nd isáfha Wkajykafiaj isß merl=ïnd msßfjfka mßfõKdêm;Ska jykafia lsÍugh' ta wkqj isß merl=ïnd msßfjfkys mßfõKdêm;s OQrh l,la fynjQ Wkajykafia yskaÈ NdIdj m%.=K lr .ekSu i|yd bkaÈhdjg jevu l<y' wk;=rej kej;;a ,xldjg jevu l< Wkajykafia l%s'mQ'2 jk ishjig wh;a úydria:dkhla f,i i,lk moúh nqoaOx., rdcuyd úydria:dkhg jevujd uyÕ= Ydiksl fufyjrla bgq l<y' uq,a hq.fha rcfha jdähl ,e.=ï.;a Wkajykafia tu úydria:dkfha mäfm<j,a ilia lsÍu mer‚ .,a.=yd 18 la msßisÿ lr nekaoùu" tajdfhys ysÈms<su ie;fmk ms<su bÈlrùu" .,a.=yd bÈßmi mia mqrjd u¿j ieliSu" wdjdih O¾uYd,dj" úydrh muKla fkdj jeisls,s leisls,s wdÈh o Wkajykafia úiska ksujk ,§' nQre weol ie;fmñka" jk i;=ka .yK le<e no m%foaYhl n;, lrá ;ïndf.k ¨Kq byf.k j<oñka uy;a ÿIalr;d úÈñka Wkajykafia bgql< tu Wodr;r Ydiksl fiajdj lsisod wu;l l< fkdyel'